Eminyakeni yamuva, ukuthengiswa kwe-China akusagcini nje kuphela ezembatho, imisebenzi yezandla kanye nezinye izigaba eziphansi ze-value-added, imikhiqizo eminingi yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu iyaqhubeka nokuvela, i-photovoltaic ingenye yazo.
Muva nje, u-Li Xingqian, umqondisi woMnyango Wezohwebo Zangaphandle woMnyango Wezohwebo, uthe ngo-2022, imikhiqizo yaseChina ye-photovoltaic nezimoto zikagesi, amabhethri e-lithium kanye nokwakhiwa kokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe "okuthathu okusha", ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu baseChina. , i-value-added ephezulu, okuholela ekuguqulweni okuluhlaza kwemikhiqizo ibe yindawo entsha yokukhula yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
I-China Photovoltaic Industry Association ikhiphe idatha ikhombisa ukuthi ngonyaka ka-2022, inani lokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo ye-photovoltaic eChina (ama-silicon wafers, amaseli, amamojula) cishe ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-51.25, okukhuphuke ngo-80.3%. Phakathi kwazo, ukuthunyelwa kwemojula ye-PV cishe kwe-153.6GW, ikhuphuke ngo-55.8% unyaka nonyaka, inani lokuthekelisa, ivolumu yokuthekelisa irekhodi eliphezulu; ukuthunyelwa kwe-silicon wafer okungaba ngu-36.3GW, ukukhuphuka ngo-60.8% unyaka nonyaka; ukuthunyelwa kwamaseli kwamanye amazwe cishe okungama-23.8GW, akhuphuka ngo-130.7% unyaka nonyaka.
Intatheli ifunde ukuthi, ekuqaleni kuka-2015, i-China yaba imakethe yabathengi ye-PV enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, umthamo ofakiwe wokuphehla amandla we-photovoltaic wedlula i-PV powerhouse Germany. Kodwa ngalowo nyaka, i-China yangena kuphela ezinhlwini zamandla e-PV, akukakwazi ukuthi ingene ku-echelon yokuqala yamandla e-PV.
UZhou Jianqi, umqondisi we-Enterprise Evaluation Research Office ye-Enterprise Research Institute ye-Development Research Centre yoMkhandlu Wombuso kanye nomcwaningi, uthe engxoxweni abe nayo ne-China Economic Times ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka yamuva yentuthuko, i-China ingene esigabeni sokuqala. yezindlu zamandla ze-PV, ezisekelwa izici ezimbili eziyinhloko: Okokuqala, amandla obuchwepheshe. Inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe, ukuze izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-photovoltaic zaseShayina zifinyelele ubuholi bomhlaba wonke ekuwohlokeni, kuyilapho ukusebenza kahle kwamaseli, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ubuchwepheshe kanye nezinye inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile, kuzuzwe inani lezinkomba zobuholi bomhlaba. Okwesibili i-industrial ecology. Eminyakeni edlule, amabhizinisi asezingeni lokuqala aya ngokuya akhula, futhi ukuncintisana kwezimboni kuya ngokuya kuba sobala. Phakathi kwazo, izinhlangano zezimboni, njengezinhlangano ezisiza umphakathi, nazo zidlale indima ebalulekile. Kuyinto ukuthuthukiswa kwemvelo ngesisekelo inqubekelaphambili kwezobuchwepheshe, kancane kancane ukuqinisa brand isisekelo sezimboni, ukuze photovoltaic China ukumelana ingcindezi ukubamba ithuba lokuba ikhadi elisha lohwebo lwangaphandle yaseChina, ukudayisa kahle eYurophu nase-Asia.
Ngokwezibalo ze-China Photovoltaic Industry Association, 2022, imikhiqizo ye-photovoltaic yaseChina ethunyelwa kuzo zonke izimakethe zezwekazi ifinyelele amazinga ahlukahlukene okukhula, okuhlanganisa nemakethe yaseYurophu, okuwukukhula okukhulu kwe-114.9% unyaka nonyaka.
Njengamanje, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuguqulwa kwekhabhoni ephansi sekube yisivumelwano somhlaba wonke, ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ye-photovoltaic ehlanzekile, enemvelo ibe isiqondiso semizamo yamabhizinisi aseShayina e-PV. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isimo saseRussia nase-Ukraine esibangelwa ukunyuka kwamanani entengo kagesi, izinkinga zokuphepha kwamandla ziye zaba yinto ehamba phambili eYurophu, ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga "yentamo" yamandla, i-photovoltaic nezinye izimboni zamandla amasha zinikezwa okubaluleke kakhulu. isikhundla emazweni aseYurophu.
Kuwo wonke amazwe azimisele ukuthuthukisa ngamandla imboni ye-photovoltaic, amabhizinisi amaningi aseShayina e-photovoltaic nawo abeke izinto zabo emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. U-Zhou Jianqi uphakamise ukuthi amabhizinisi e-PV akufanele nje abe makhudlwana futhi abe namandla, kodwa futhi aqhubeke nokuba ngcono, futhi athuthuke athuthuke esuka kumholi wezimboni aye ezingeni lomhlaba.
UZhou Jianqi ukholelwa ukuthi ukuze sifinyelele ubuhle nokukhuthaza amandla, amandla kanye nokukhuthaza okukhulu, kufanele sigxile ekubambeni amagama ayisihluthulelo amane: okokuqala, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, ukunamathela ekusungulweni kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ukuhlola imodeli yebhizinisi efanele amandla amasha; okwesibili, isevisi, ukuqinisa izinsiza, ukwenza ibhodi elifushane lensiza ebalulekile ohlelweni lwesimanje lwezimboni; okwesithathu, umkhiqizo, ukuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa komkhiqizo, ukuthuthukisa ngokuhlelekile ikhono eliphelele lezinkampani; okwesine, ukuncintisana, ngokuhlanganyela ukugcina inethiwekhi enhle yezemvelo, ukuthuthukisa uchungechunge lwezimboni Amandla nokuqina kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-01-2023